강연 소개 : 이번 강연에서 저는 왜 한국인들이 영어를 그렇게 어려워하는지에 관한 심리학적 이유를 이야기해보려고 합니다. 한국인들이 대중적으로 사용하는 몇몇 영어학습방법들은 아주 비효율적이며, 영어에 대한 스트레스 환경은 아주 반생산적인 것이라 영어 자체를 일종의 구속으로 여겨지게까지 만듭니다. 배움과 동기라는 심리학을 이해함으로써, 한국인들은 영어에 대한 짐을 벗어던지게 될 것이며, 비로소 영어로부터 자유를 얻게 될 것입니다.
"안녕 ... 나는 김치를 좋아해요 ... 사랑해요"
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good evening I know her cell I remember
several years ago I was at a bus stop me
along Cheney and some high school boys
came up to me wanting to practice their
English as these poor boys open their
mouths all they could say was hello
I like kimchi I love you and walked away
giggling and embarrassed
ohyeah song hey sadly these boys have
studied English for many years but all
they could say were a few awkward
phrases and they didn't know it's not
appropriate to say I love you to a
stranger but so often I hear about how
Korean spent so much time so much effort
so much money on learning English but
they don't seem to get very good results
they don't really know how to use it to
communicate or use it practically after
so much trouble one problem is I would
say Koreans often are not really
learning English they are merely
learning facts about English they were
learning book knowledge that they can't
use and also this English has become an
obsession such an obsession that has
become a bondage a slavery a prison and
this discourages Koreans from really
learning English and it prevents them it
from really being able to use it
effectively so I'm going to talk about
some of the challenges you face I'll
talk about some myths or misconceptions
I will talk about motivation problems
and I will talk about steps to finding
freedom first some challenges you face
some real psychological and linguistic
challenges with English English is hard
because the two languages are so DIF
it's hard to learn a language as an
adult and you don't get exposed to much
English outside of non natural
environments like classrooms but another
big challenge is what I would call
mental efficiency mental efficiency you
see when you do stuff in your first
language your brain automatically
understands most everything without
effort but in a second language a
foreign language it's not automatic your
brain has to work really hard to
understand everything the grammar and
the vocabulary and everything else and
so whenever you do anything in English
it's hard it's mentally tiring it's you
don't understand very well it takes a
lot of time and effort to get your brain
more comfortable and used to English to
develop this mental efficiency takes a
lot of time and work those are the some
of the challenges some myths you might
think that intelligent people can learn
languages easily right no not
necessarily
you see smart people can have all kinds
of fears and inhibitions motivation
problems that keep them from learning
English if you have the right kind of
motivation and if you're willing to
practice then you can learn English even
if you're not the smartest a lot of
people think that a lot of memorizing
memorizing and repetition traditional
classroom activities will help them
learn not so it's just learning facts
about English and it doesn't develop
that mental efficiency and in order to
learn words you need to encounter them
in real context
reading or or listening to help you
learn them to know how the words are
really used and to have a context to
help you remember them otherwise you
forget people think grammar is a bunch
of boring mechanical rules to memorize
it's not true grammar is a bunch of a
set of patterns patterns that actually
have meaning although often abstract
meanings
like a and V and the perfect tense
rather than memorizing grammar rules you
need to learn grammar in real context so
you see how it's used a lot of people
focus on tests learning English for
tests soon on TOEFL TOEIC or for good
grades this is just boring it ruins your
motivation and it's just learning facts
about English so let's talk about
motivation maybe you think if I just had
more motivation I can learn English
right not necessarily it's not so much
how much motivation but it's the type of
motivation there are different types of
motivation and some can actually be
harmful and self-defeating and can
hinder your English learning motivation
falls into two psychological categories
there is internal and external
motivation external motivation means you
do it because you have to the motivation
is really from outside of you although
maybe you have kind of adopted it it is
your heart is not really into it
motivation do you do a sense of pressure
or obligation pressure to get good
grades pressure to get good test scores
pressure from parents and family in
school or the workplace social
expectations like antennae or
unrealistic expectations that you put on
yourself what we call perfectionism one
but one gukjoo II uh it's actually not
very good because these kinds of
motivations lead to this they cause you
to focus on how people think about you
or what you think about yourself rather
than really learning English practical
English this leads to bad study habits
like rote mechanical memorization and
it's just learning facts about English
and English is no longer a language but
a bondage
on the other hand internal motivation
means you really want to learn it and it
usually includes the following kinds of
things one is a psychological freewill a
sort of psychological freewill you
choose to learn English because you want
to you desire to do so there is no sense
of obligation or pressure these kinds of
people are the most successful language
learners also people with internal
motivation are motivated because they
feel that they are growing they realize
that they are learning and this makes
them feel better you get a sense of
satisfaction from learning something a
sense of growth this makes you feel
better about yourself this feeds your
self-confidence and self-esteem third
some people also get a sort of social
motivation from learning something from
the process of learning they develop
social connections which makes them feel
better or because they can communicate
in with other people in English and
develop relationships that social
relational kind of motivation like I
said this is the most successful kind of
motivation but maybe it's not reasonable
to expect you to fall in love with
English and that's okay you don't have
to love everything that you study but
that's okay because there is a kind of
motivation that's kind of in-between
it's an external motivation but it's not
as bad as the other external motivations
in some ways it's like internal
motivation it's called a personal
utility motivation which means maybe you
don't love English but you don't mind
learning it because you see that it's
important and useful to you it's
worthwhile maybe it's important to your
study goals or your career goals and you
learn it for that reason as a tool not
because you feel obligation or pressure
personal utility motivation if you can
forget the other external pressures and
obligations forget that if you could
just embrace English as a tool
as a personal utility that might be the
first step to freedom because you get
rid of the Ida sense of obligation and
motivation and for some people if they
stay with it long enough maybe this
personal utility motivation might evolve
over time into an intra and internal
motivation so that can be the first step
to freedom so let me talk about other
steps to freedom I'm going to talk about
finding your goals I'll talk about
finding better learning or study
strategies and three finding a sense of
self-confidence so number one your goals
why are you learning English what's your
motivation forget perfectionistic
attitudes and goals in fact it's not
realistic to try to be perfect in
English English is just a tool and
embrace it as a tool so renounce all of
those obligations or pressures that
others have imposed upon you declare to
yourself some hada declare that you
don't care what other people think you
don't care about those other pressures
or obligations you don't care about the
social expectations you don't care about
the unti nah you don't care about what
people think of your English ability you
just want to learn English as a tool as
something that is useful to you and it's
something that maybe can be you perhaps
even interesting or perhaps enjoyable
second finding better learning
strategies you need to find learning
strategies that will make learning more
interesting more motivating and that
will develop that mental efficiency you
see it takes a lot of time a lot of
exposure a lot of input in a language to
develop that mental efficiency it takes
thousands and thousands of hours to do
that and there is no simple shortcut
that's the bad news the good news is you
can do a lot of this on your own you
don't necessarily have to take hog one
classes
one of the best things you can do is a
lot of reading and it's important to
find reading materials that are
interesting to you or at least useful
and informative otherwise you can't
really stay motivated one kind is
intensive reading this is kind of like
what you do in a reading class except
you can do this on your own you don't
have to take a class
it's simply intensively reading to
understand for example you read through
a text once to get the main idea read
through again try to guess the meanings
of new words from context then you look
up words you can't guess then you read
through a couple more times for full
understanding even better more important
is also a lot of extensive reading this
means reading a lot of materials
different kinds of materials not
necessarily trying to understand
everything this can be the best way to
develop your vocabulary by learning
words from context and to develop that
mental efficiency find different
materials that you like that you enjoy
from popular to academic things like
popular novels comics online news
popular books academic materials
whatever you like read as much as you
can likewise use media materials a lot
of free audio and video materials like
on the internet like Ted calm and
YouTube and whatever listen extensively
and sometimes listen intensively and
sometimes you can also repeat after a
follow along and imitate speakers in the
videos for speaking practice on your own
for vocabulary
don't try to over memorize just learn
words that you are likely to use or
encounter in reading or listening when
it comes to memorizing make your work
more efficient
take some time first to learn memory
aids memory tricks mem onyx there are
materials out there that can show you
how to do this fun ways to learn
vocabulary and other things word
associations visual associations clever
cute fun ways to help you remember
things more easily maybe think in
English make yourself think in English
sometimes this is a way of giving your
brain some input some exposure to
develop that mental efficiency I've used
this for learning languages third
confidence developing caught your
confidence how can you develop your
confidence well first learn on your own
don't go to so how many
hagh when classes learn on your own
empower yourself as a learner buying
materials that you like study by
yourself or with friends next maybe
teach your kids English yes
teach your kids English this is because
you can learn from teaching and well
yeah if you don't have kids find some
and you can find some summer because you
can learn from teaching and from
teaching you can develop your
self-confidence it's okay if your
English sounds like English because your
kids can get some accurate input from
media and they will probably be okay
then you see people have forgotten
language is for communication and for
social interaction now your kids need
some things for their intellectual and
cognitive cognitive development they
need social interaction and play with
their friends more importantly they need
love and social interaction from parents
so instead of sending them to hug once
so often spend time with them at home
spend quality time with them at home
teach them some English read English
books to them teach them how to learn on
their own also
because not only will this help you
learn and develop your confidence but
this will help your children's sense of
confidence they will get more confidence
from spending time with you and years
later they will thank you for it in
conclusion I kind of know how you feel I
kind of feel your pain because I am now
just starting to find my freedom from
Korean for you English doesn't need to
be a bondage it doesn't need to be a
burden or prison it's a language not a
bondage it's a tool that you can learn
to use for your own purposes so I hope
that you can find your motivation again
I hope that you can learn to enjoy
English and that you can do well in
English and I hope that you can find
your freedom from English so thank you
you
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